abstract：:The startle reflex elicited by binaural acoustic startle stimuli is potentiated by the threat of electric shock. The present study explored the lateralization of this fear-potentiated startle reflex effect using acoustic startle stimuli delivered binaurally or monaurally to the left or right ear and recorded from the ...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Grillon C,Davis M

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to 50-ms tones were recorded from the human scalp. A standard stimulus (p = .88) and three different deviants were randomly presented via earphones. There were two one-dimensional deviants (one frequency and one location deviant) and one two-dimensional deviant, wit...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Schröger E

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioral contexts can evoke a variety of autonomic modes of response, characterized by reciprocal, coactive, or independent changes in the autonomic divisions. In the present study, we investigated the reactive autonomic control of the heart in response to psychological stressors, using quantitative methods for anal...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Berntson GG,Cacioppo JT,Binkley PF,Uchino BN,Quigley KS,Fieldstone A

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two conflicting views have emerged as to why people cry when they are sad. One suggests that crying serves homeostasis by facilitating recovery; the other suggests that crying produces an aversive high-arousal state that motivates behavior aimed at ending the tears. To test hypotheses drawn from these views, we showed...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Gross JJ,Frederickson BL,Levenson RW

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two competing approaches for the roles of stimulus significance and novelty in determining orienting responses (ORs) were tested and compared. According to the first, ORs to significant stimuli are determined by sets and expectations and are relatively independent of the contrast between the test stimulus and precedin...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Ben-Shakhar G

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High and low reactors were preselected on the basis of their heart rate reactivity to a speech stressor in a prescreening session. In the main study, subjects were exposed to a mental arithmetic plus noise stressor. Cardiovascular activity was recorded during baseline and stressor, and blood was drawn prior to and fol...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Sgoutas-Emch SA,Cacioppo JT,Uchino BN,Malarkey W,Pearl D,Kiecolt-Glaser JK,Glaser R

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the first experiment, 48 subjects carried out a visual spatial attention task. Stimuli were presented at the vertical meridian, either above or below a fixation dot, and the subjects were instructed to attend to one of these stimulus positions and ignore the other position. In three different conditions, the distan...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Gunter TC,Wijers AA,Jackson JL,Mulder G

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three hypotheses tested relationships between cardiac responses mediated via the vagus and sustained attention in a population of normal school-age children. These hypotheses addressed the theoretical relationships among resting cardiac vagal tone (using the Porges estimate of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, V), perform...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Suess PE,Porges SW,Plude DJ

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I investigated whether classical eyeblink conditioning increases the activating effect of the conditional stimulus (CS) on the relevant alpha motoneuron pool in the facial nucleus. The activating effect was measured by the reflex modification method, where startle reflexes, sharing the facial nerve motor pathway with ...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Flaten MA

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High- and low-pitched tones (CS+ and CS-) signalled baroreceptor stimulation or inhibition (US+ and US-) on 6-s conditioning trials (n = 128). Baroreceptor stimulation was induced by the phase-related external suction (PRES) method of Rau et al. (1992) in which a brief pulse of negative external pressure is applied to...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Roberts LE,Rau H,Furedy JJ,Birbaumer N

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) is elicited by infrequent, physically deviant stimuli in a sequence of frequent homogeneous stimuli (standards). It has been suggested that the MMN is generated by an automatic (attention-independent) neural mismatch process with a m...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Näätänen R,Paavilainen P,Tiitinen H,Jiang D,Alho K

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prepulse inhibition of the reflex blink by a weak stimulus shortly preceding a blink-eliciting stimulus has been described as a sensorimotor gating phenomenon that may protect processing of the first stimulus. To determine how a stimulus configuration that elicits prepulse inhibition also affects exogenous evoked pote...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Perlstein WM,Fiorito E,Simons RF,Graham FK

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A fundamentally important problem for cognitive psychophysiologists is selection of the appropriate off-line digital filter to extract signal from noise in the event-related brain potential (ERP) recorded at the scalp. Investigators in the field typically use a type of finite impulse response (FIR) filter known as mov...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Farwell LA,Martinerie JM,Bashore TR,Rapp PE,Goddard PH

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male and female subjects were compared on heartbeat, respiratory resistance, and light-tone signal-detection tasks. Subjects judged whether a series of 10 tones was coincident with their heartbeats; whether an external load added to the airway was either present or absent during targeted inspiratory cycles; and whethe...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Harver A,Katkin ES,Bloch E

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Slow event-related brain potentials of nine subjects were recorded in an experimentally controlled long-term memory retrieval task (the Fan paradigm) from electrode sites F3, Fz, F4, Cz, P3, Pz, and P4. In all retrieval conditions, a very pronounced DC-like negative potential appeared over the left frontal cortex. Thi...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Rösler F,Heil M,Glowalla U

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated a newly developed stress task, the Social Competence Interview, and three nonsocial tasks (video game, mirror drawing, mental arithmetic) for ability to predict ambulatory blood pressure in 237 black and white adolescents. Blood pressure was measured in laboratory, classroom, and transition (between-class...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Ewart CK,Kolodner KB

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The comprehensive assessment of cardiac function using impedance cardiography has led to increasingly widespread use of the technique in psychophysiology. Disposable adhesive band electrodes have been the most widely used electrode type, but spot electrode configurations present attractive alternatives in terms of con...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Sherwood A,Royal SA,Hutcheson JS,Turner JR

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development and validation of an event-related potential (ERP) memory assessment procedure is detailed. The procedure identifies learned material with high rates of accuracy, whether or not subjects give intentional responses indicating they had previously learned it. Because the traditional analysis of variance a...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Allen JJ,Iacono WG,Danielson KD

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis is advanced that certain inhibitory processes necessarily involve autonomic adjustments. Such adjustments would represent a constraint on information processing imposed by the location of the mind in a body. Evidence is reviewed showing that motoric inhibition is related to a transient delay in heartbea...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Jennings JR

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to investigate the feasibility of saliva collection from highly anxious dental patients and to evaluate whether salivary cortisol concentrations could discriminate between 13 highly anxious dental patients and 13 non-anxious subjects. Whole mixed saliva was sampled by suction after sti...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Benjamins C,Asscheman H,Schuurs AH

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method developed by Grassberger and Procaccia allows estimation of the dimensional complexity of the state-space attractor of a time series. Saturation of dimensional-complexity estimates with increasing values of embedding dimension is considered a strong indication that the time series is governed by deterministic...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Pritchard WS,Duke DW

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study examined modification of the startle reflex in psychosis-prone and normal control subjects, using a continuous pure tone prestimulus (S1) and an intense white noise startle stimulus (S2). Reflex modification conditions consisted of stimulus pairs with onset asynchronies of 60, 120, and 2000 ms with a...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Simons RF,Giardina BD

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study compared the effectiveness of field and laboratory polygraphs in discriminating guilty and innocent subjects tested using the Control Question Technique (CQT). Subjects were 48 prisoners examined regarding a mock theft in a peer threat context; physiological responses were recorded simultaneously on a Lafay...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Patrick CJ,Iacono WG

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although little is known about the neuroanatomical basis of skin conductance orienting in intact normal humans, the limited literature on animals and humans with neurological and clinical disorders implicate prefrontal, temporal/amygdala, and pons brain areas in mediating skin conductance orienting. This study relates...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Raine A,Reynolds GP,Sheard C

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report examines the hypothesis that electrocardiographic T-wave amplitude is sensitive to graded increases in beta-sympathetic stimulation of the heart. Beta-adrenergic activity was manipulated pharmacologically in 9 healthy men by bolus infusion of isoproterenol in each of six doses: 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, an...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Contrada RJ,Dimsdale J,Levy L,Weiss T

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral ratings were collected from 30 female subjects who were exposed to picture slides. The slides belonged to five affective categories whose content was babies, dermatological cases, ordinary people, male models, and female models. Based on the day of testing relative to the...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Johnston VS,Wang XT

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rösler and Heil (1991) were unable to replicate one of the results of our previous study of slow wave activity and mental arithmetic (Ruchkin, Johnson, Mahaffey, & Sutton, 1988). Thorough examination of the error rates indicates that the greater complexity of their response selection procedure caused crucial differenc...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Ruchkin DS,Johnson R Jr

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This note provides a statistical-graphical method for the evaluation of the statistical significance of difference potentials from a group of subjects, and for the comparison of difference potentials between two groups. A table of the lengths of statistically significant intervals for various sampling interval lengths...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Guthrie D,Buchwald JS

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Discriminative classical conditioning of skin conductance responses (SCRs) was studied in 163 college students as a function of four variables: CS type (potentially phobic versus neutral conditioned stimuli), Sex of the subject, Interstimulus interval (ISI) during conditioning (.5 versus 8 s), and Retention interval b...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Schell AM,Dawson ME,Marinkovic K

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Frequency-dependent transfer from EOG to EEG may be insufficiently accounted for by simple time domain regression methods (Gasser, Sroka, & Möcks, 1986; Woestenburg, Verbaten, & Slangen, 1983). In contrast, a multiple-lag time domain regression analysis, using lagged regression of EEG on EOG, must theoretically accoun...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Kenemans JL,Molenaar PC,Verbaten MN,Slangen JL

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrodermal responses were recorded during the presentation of 16 moderately intense (1000 Hz, 90dB) tones in three groups of young men: borderline hypertensives (138/79 mmHg), normotensives (112/65 mmHg), and hypotensives (104/63 mmHg). Electrodermal response habituation was measured as a decline in response over t...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Fredrikson M,Edman G,Levander SE,Schalling D,Svensson J,Tuomisto M

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent event-related potential (ERP) studies indicate that antisocial and psychopathic behavior is in some circumstances characterized by heightened attentional processes. This prospective study assesses whether ERP measures of attention recorded in adolescence are capable of predicting criminality status in adulthood...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Raine A,Venables PH,Williams M

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four experiments were conducted to determine whether voluntarily produced emotional facial configurations are associated with differentiated patterns of autonomic activity, and if so, how this might be mediated. Subjects received muscle-by-muscle instructions and coaching to produce facial configurations for anger, di...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Levenson RW,Ekman P,Friesen WV

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between aerobic fitness, exercise, and psychophysiological reactivity was assessed in cross-sectional and prospective analyses. Seventy-five healthy but sedentary adults carried out a sub-maximal exercise test and easy and difficult problem solving tasks. Blood pressure, heart rate, skin conductance le...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Steptoe A,Moses J,Mathews A,Edwards S

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short latency evoked potentials were recorded during a cross-modal selective attention task to evaluate recent proposals that sensory transmission in the peripheral auditory and visual pathways can be modified selectively by centrifugal mechanisms in humans. Twenty young adult subjects attended in turn to either left-...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Hackley SA,Woldorff M,Hillyard SA

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our previous event-related brain potential (ERP) results suggest that during selective listening, relevant stimuli are selected for further processing by comparing each stimulus to an "attentional trace," a neuronal representation of the physical features of the relevant stimuli that distinguish them from the irreleva...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Alho K,Lavikainen J,Reinikainen K,Sams M,Näätänen R

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Event-related brain potentials were recorded from the human scalp during selective listening to tone pips differing in location and/or pitch from irrelevant tones. The subjects' task was to discriminate infrequent deviant tones of lower intensity appearing among designated (relevant) tones. A large processing negativi...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Alho K,Sams M,Paavilainen P,Reinikainen K,Näätänen R

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used to investigate the effects of visual-spatial orienting on selective neural processing in boys with learning disabilities. Twenty-seven 8-12 year old boys were classified into four groups depending on whether or not they had a reading disability or attention deficit disorder. E...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Harter MR,Anllo-Vento L,Wood FB

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of smoking cigarettes with differing FTC nicotine deliveries on anxiety and EEG activity were evaluated in 40 smokers who were compared with 40 non-smokers, matched for age and gender. Following smoking (sham-smoking in the case of the non-smokers), the participants viewed a stress-inducing movie. Smoking ...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Gilbert DG,Robinson JH,Chamberlin CL,Spielberger CD

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated the effects of informed consent regarding upcoming, aversive stimuli on autonomic and self-report measures of anxiety. Physiological and self-report measures were recorded prior to the subject receiving information regarding the nature of the upcoming stressor (naive baseline block), fol...

journal_title：Psychophysiology

authors： Farha JG,Sher KJ

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00